Technical Essentials

This a beginning of a new section of free e-books.
The first one in the series is a book or rather a chapter from a book that relates to computer networking and explains the cabling and interfaces that are required for network connections. It explains about cables like twisted pair cable, co-axial cable, etc and network interfaces like ODI, NDIS .

Download the book from the following link :-

The following are the simple steps that show how you can use telnet to configure your router/modem or to connect to a remote host and how to secure your modem:-

For configuring your modem/router:-

• Open the Command prompt: start->run or (windows key+r), then type cmd
  


• Now type telnet "the ip address of your gateway or modem or router". for example : In case you are configuring the modem connected to your pc directly then by default the router/modem's ip is configured to have a private address of 192.168.1.1 , so the command in this case will be telnet 192.168.1.1
  


• Now fill in the username and press enter, then fill in the password and press enter. By default the username password pair is (admin, admin) or (admin, password) .


• Now the menu containing options for your modem will appear as shown in the following figure. Note: there is also a hidden unix based shell in your modem which can be used to configure and access more information about your modem
  
  
  

• Now you can pick any option, for example you can pick wan option and configure the wan connection and do other stuff like spoofing the mac address, the latter thing cannot be done if you access the modem through the browser because it won't provide access to such option.

Configuring the wan ppp connection:-

• After following the aforementioned steps choose the option that corresponds to wan, in my case it is option 3 so type 3 in the -> prompt.


• Then choose the configure option ( option 1).


• Assign a VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) as used by your isp (0 for airtel, 0 for mtnl).


• Assign a VCI (Virtual Circuit Identifier) as used by your isp (32 for mtnl) .


• Assign a wan id you should leave this field as such and press enter.


• Choose the category, our isp's generally use ubr ( some application use constant bit rate(cbr) )


• Choose the protocol pppoe(ppp over Ethernet) or bridge if it's a bridge connection.


• Choose the encapsulation LLC (logical link control) .


• Choose enabled state for the interface .


• Enter the service name, prefer to use the isp's name in the service name.


• Enter the ppp username provided to you by your isp, it is generally your phone number.


• Enter the ppp password provided to you by your isp.
  Note: You should password protect your modem, lest there is a simple hack that reveals your ppp password which can be used by even a novice cracker to use your account ( It still works on mtnl :-) ) [link] . Even if your isp account is attached to your modem's mac address then also spoofing can be done to crack and use your account. [link] . Below i mention a solution on how to password protect your modem and prevent such simple attacks.


• Leave the idle timeout field blank and choose authentication method as auto .


• Disable or enable the Internet group message protocol( IGMP) .


• Disable the QOS service.


• Disable the ppp ip address and then enter any name in pppoe service name.


• Then press enter, choose exit option and then choose save and reboot option this will lead to the activation of the new wan configuration
  

Securing your modem:

• Choose the passwords option after which a passwords menu will appear from which you should select the admin account.


• Enter the old password, by default it is either "admin" or "password".


• Enter the new admin password and confirm it. This step makes your modem more secure than before.
  

If you encounter the jdbc driver not found error in netbeans in spite of your jdbc code being absolutely flawless and the following type of error appears:-

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

No suitable driver found for jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb

Then the solution that will fix this problem in netbeans is as follows:-

• First select a project in which this error has occured, right click on it and choose properties.


• Now in the categories window choose libraries, select compile tab, click on add library button, browse for the jdbc driver for your database, click on the add library button to add the library (in this case the jdbc driver) and then press ok. For example, in case you are using MYSQL database then browse and select the MYSQL database driver as shown in the figure below.
  

• Now the last step is to recompile the code and your code will run without the "no suitable driver found error"
  

This is a collection of wallpapers made by consummate artists and photographers taken from various sources such as deviant art, torrents, etc. To save a wallpaper click on the image and then right click and choose save as.

1. Kingdom of heaven(1680*1050):















2. Never Again to Believe(1000*666):


















3. Dark Bliss Wraith(1680*1050):

















4. Sea mist software's (2560*1600):

















5. Mountain and lake by ivinix trunten(1920*1200):


















6. Sunset Gold and Blue by rehsup(1920*1200):
















7.Windows7 wallpaper by arandas(1280*1024):




















8. Awesome Windows 7 wallpaper(1680*1050):

















9. Windows 7 wallpaper (1280*1024):





















10. Windows7 Glow by dj Corny(download the rar file having various resolutions): The 1024*768 sample image is shown below.






















Note: You may also want to see the following posts:-

1.How to disable the desktop to get the real amazing effect of wallpapers and
link

2.Download the windows xp visual themes
link

Why disable the desktop?

The reason is simple, as you install software programs or download files on your desktop, it will become cluttered and you may end up cutting and pasting the files from the desktop into some other folder, this solution is okay but not good as you will have to move the contents from the desktop to some other folder on daily basis.

A better solution is to hide and disable all the items on the desktop this will insure not a single icon appears on your desktop and whenever you need to access some file from the desktop you can just go to My-computer and press the up button to view the contents of the desktop folder. This solution gives you empty desktop where you can place nice wallpapers and the desktop will appearance will be soothing and more stylish.

How to disable and hide all the files on desktop ?

Just follow these steps:-

• Open the run prompt: start->Run or windows key+r


• Open the group policy editor: type gpedit.msc in the run prompt.


• Expand to the following setting :-
  

  User Configuration ->Administrative templates -> Desktop



• Then From the right window view select "Hide and disable all items on the Desktop" and right click on it and choose properties. A new properties window will appear from it change the setting from not configured to enable and press ok and exit the group policy editor (as shown in the following figure).
  
  
  
  
  

• Now there will still be icons and shortcuts being displayed on the desktop, So for the changes to take effect, open the windows task manager( ctrl+alt+del) and end the task explorer.exe
  


• Don't panic! if you see nothing (this happens because explorer process has been terminated). Just open the task manager and then from the file menu choose new task and type explorer.Now the windows taskbar will appear and all the files on the desktop will be disabled and hidden.

Just to show you on how this setting gives a soothing effect take a look at my desktop. (Don't freak out ! it's just windows xp with the wallpaper designed for windows7).

There is an better alternative to monitor the performance of your system than the task-manager, the alternative is the performance monitor(perfmon) . It lets you monitor hundreds of different critical system performance statistics and by knowing their threshold values and comparing them with the peak or average values that you are getting, you can diagnose and fix the problem.

How to use this tool ?

• Open the command prompt and type perfmon or Open the run prompt(winkey+r) and type perfmon.msc.


• One can then choose from two different views from the top panel i.e view graph or view histogram.


• Extra parameters to be monitored can be added using the + icon from the top panel.You then have to choose the performance object that you want to monitor and then choose the counter that you want to monitor(as shown in the following figure).











• To know about the counters that you want to monitor you can always select a counter and press the explain button.
  


• To know more about the threshold values of the key counters and the performance object that you are monitoring, click on the help file icon the top panel, choose performance logs and alerts then click on checklist:monitoring performance. After going through the previous help checklist you will have sufficient knowledge on how to use this tool and the help file also provides you with key threshold values of some parameters, for example pages/sec must not exceed 20, if that is happening on an average basis then you might be suffering from low main memory problems but that cannot be concluded as it is affected by other parameters also.
  


• You can always search Microsoft support for the counters you want to monitor and know more about them. The Microsoft support has excellent knowledge base articles that most people refer to.

Note:This tool by default gets its data from system registry, to get the data directly from Windows Management Interface you can append the /sysmon_wmi flag. Type perfmon /sysmon_wmi in the command prompt.

Here is a list of 10 cool addons for firefox

1. Personas: This addon provides cool skins that can be changed at a click of the buttton. This is recommended for users that get bored from using the same skin and waste time downloading themes.


2. Adblock plus and its add filters : Annoyed of advertisement content on torrent or other sites, well you don't have to watch those advertisements anymore. Once Adblock plus has been installed along with it's add filter subscription then advertisements are history. It basically prevents the advertisment images from loading.


3. GreaseMonkey: It is a useful addon that can be used to develop your own greasemonkey javascripts or you can pick from thousands of grease monkey scripts to personalize a web site by adding extra functionality to the web site. The greasemonkey scripts just add extra elements to the website for your personalized experience.


4. Firebug: Its a developer's tool. You can edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript in any web page and view the DOM structure of a web page. A must have for web application developers.


5. Cool Previews: It provides a previewing feature. Just point your mouse over a link for few seconds and a pop up window will display the preview of a web page.


6. Mouse Less Browsing: This provides a good solution for browsing the web in case your mouse is not functioning properly.The basic principle it uses is that it adds small boxes with unique ids behind every link and/or form element. You then just have to type in the id to trigger the corresponding action.


7. Google Previews: This is a great addon and saves your search time by inserting preview images and popularity ranks of web sites into the Google and Yahoo search results pages. So you can save your search time by just visiting the most popular websites but this concept is not always true because a site might be upcoming or new and might have better content then the highly ranked website.


8. Alexa Sparky: This addon is helpful both for web site owners and normal users. It displays the alexa traffic ranking of a website which is a measure of how many page hits the site has (too bad i don't indulge in social networking and promoting my site which leads to low traffic inflow).


9. All In One Gestures:This extension allows you to execute common commands using different kinds of gestures.


10. ChatZilla: This is an IRC (Internet relay chat) client. It is very useful and easy to use and as it is integrated in firefox it saves your pc's main-memory as you don't have to launch an extra chat application.

There are times when you are downloading something during the night and want to shutdown the computer after the duration of download, this can be done automatically in software's like utorrent but if you are using web browser based downloads, then to shutdown the pc after a certain specified time limit you can use the shutdown command.

Shutdown Command:-
The command has ability to shutdown remote computers and the command also provides a large number of options. Most useful option is the time limit that can be set, most system administrators use this command in linux, unix or windows xp. Also a message can be displayed at the time of shutdown explaining the reason for shutdown.

The command:-

Usage: shutdown [-i | -l | -s | -r | -a] [-f] [-m \\computername] [-t xx] [-c "comment"] [-d up:xx:yy]

Options:-

No args Display the help message (same as -? or /?)
-i Display GUI interface, must be the first option
-l Log off (cannot be used with -m option)
-s Shutdown the computer
-r Shutdown and restart the computer
-a Abort a system shutdown(useful for aborting a planned shutdown)
-m \\computername Remote computer to shutdown/restart/abort
-t xx Set timeout for shutdown to xx seconds
-c "comment" Shutdown reason/comment (maximum of 127 characters)
-f Forces running applications to close without warning
-d [u][p]:xx:yy The reason code for the shutdown
u is the user code
p is a planned shutdown code
xx is the major reason code (positive integer less than 256)
yy is the minor reason code (positive integer less than 65536)

Example usage:-

If you want to shutdown computer after 3 hours then you have to convert the time into seconds and use the following command.

shutdown -s -t 10800 -c "planned shutdown"

The output will be like the following :-
















You can always abort a initiated shutdown by opening the command prompt and typing shutdown -a.

Note: There is another utility TSSHUTDN available on windows xp that does the same thing but this utility is not available in Windows Vista.

GG client or garena client is a gaming client for various games.

Important Features:-

1. ***** It lists local servers near your location irrespective of the ISP you are using. So it helps in easy detection of low ping servers. This feature is accessible through garena fire.


2. You can join online gaming rooms for the game that you are using.


3. You can play ladder for the game . (basically you have to play well and rise through the ladder)


4. You can watch live matches through garena Tv (It's better to watch matches through HLTV for Counter strike )

How to configure GG or Garena Client :-

1. Download and install garena or gg client from the following link.












2. Register with garena (registration is free) and after registration, log in with your username and password.
   
   
3. Choose the "Settings" tab from the top menubar. In the settings menu choose "Game setings" and then expand the lan games and click on "counter strike 1.6".


4. Now, click on browse button and choose a directory where hl.exe is installed i.e the installation game folder for cs1.6


5. Then you must enter the following parameters in the game bootstrap parameters (i.e game launch options)

-game cstrike -sv_lan 0 -noipx































6. The last step ensures that you do not suffer from the connectivity error problems with the servers.


7. Now open the garena fire tab from the left sidebar and choose counter strike 1.6.


8. Now Choose a region like asia, africa whichever is close to your location and double click on any room to join that room.


9. The last step is to click on garena fire tab as shown in the following figure and press search servers this will list all the servers near your location. You can set the ping limit of the servers to search. After the search is over you can double click on any server that has vacant slots and the game will be launched and you will be connected to the game server (refer to the following figure).

***Note : In case you cannot connect to the server because of ipx error then you will have to exit the game and reconnect to the server through garena.

Inconvenience is regretted in case you arrive from search engines and find that the link to the url you searched is broken. Well the content is still there, just search in the search bar do not use the google custom search use the normal search bar for this.
The broken links have occurred because i have restructured the site just 2 days back (Not a wise thing to do but it was necessary) and have published all my older posts in this month.

As a result all the post feed links would be broken down but site feed's will remain intact.

Again i would like to apologize in case you suffered from broken links issue.

The most anticipated and eagerly awaited new spring season of prison break has begun.
The newest episode Season 04-Episode 17 is available for download through torrent sites and its a great episode to watch as whole plot takes a huge turn by the end of it.

If you haven't watched prison break till now, then you are seriously missing out on one of the greatest series ever made.

The Season4-Episode 17 can be downloaded from the following link.

In windows xp 20% of connection bandwidth is reserved, this is reserved by QOS(Quality of service) scheduler . So you can increase your bandwidth by up to 20%, if you disable this reserved system bandwidth.

How to do that ?

• Open run prompt (windows key+ r)


• Now type gpedit.msc and the group policy editor window will appear.
  


• Then expand the directory to the following setting

Local Computer Policy ---->Computer Configuration ---->Administrative Templates --->Network ---->QOS Packet Scheduler

• Now you can choose either of the view standard or extended (it provides explanation of the property you select)


• Now right click on Limit Reservable Bandwidth and choose properties (as shown in following figure)





















• Now select enabled radio button and set bandwidth limit to 0% and press ok.

That's it, this setting removes reserved bandwidth.

The thing that i like about x-fire and the distinguishing feature from other game clients is that you can download free games and demos of almost every game at one place, so you have the ability to try out the game before buying the original or maybe downloading the pirated one :-)

Features :-

• Ability to download both free games and demos of other games.


• Automatic detection of installed games.


• In game Screen shot taking ability (Scroll lock+ s).


• In game Video Capture utility(Scroll lock+v) .


• You can also upload the captured video directly to your profile page.


• Standard features like chat, adding friends, joining the game your friend is playing.


• Downloading game updates automatically.
  

Just follow these steps to install and run Xfire :-

• Download the client from here


• Run the setup and then register with Xfire.


• Then login and the client will detect all the games that are installed automatically.


• Then you can go into the tools -> options menu and select a game and change its start up parameters or to install a game that is not detected, just pick a game from the not installed list and choose manual install (as shown in the figure below).

• You can also choose find servers to detect the online servers for your game.
  

That's it Enjoy gaming :-)

In this tutorial i would be telling you about how can you increase the page rank of your web page.

Basic Concepts:

a) Historical part :-


It is named page rank can you think why?

Many people would think it is named so because google ranks the web page according to this criteria so the word page rank should have been derived from this. Well those of you that think that aforementioned reasoning was correct then you are wrong because the name page rank comes from the founder of google "larry page" because he was the one who presented the first paper on how the page should be ranked. lol xD .

** b) What it is ?


The page rank is the criteria google or any other search engine will use to determine how important your web page is. Note that i have mentioned the word web page and not website.

The page rank is determined by the formula:-

PR (XYZ) = (1 – d) + d (PR (t1) / C (t1) + ... + PR (tn) / C (tn))

here
PR = PageRank
XYZ= Web page XYZ
d = A damping factor, usually set to 0.85
t1...tn = Pages linking to Web page A
C = The number of outbound links from page tn

Don't get into the details all that matters is you see what the formula intends to calculate and how.

See the part t1 t2 ... tn those are the pages that link to your site and it can be clearly seen that your page rank gets clearly affected by the number of pages that point to your page. It can be clearly seen that :-

"more the number of links pointing to your site better will be your page rank"

and also the number of out bound links from your page should be minimum as it decreases your page rank.

**** There is one more point to be considered as can be seen from the formula, the pages that point to your site must have high page ranks too.


How To Increase Page rank ?

Well now the big question is "how can you increase your page rank ?"

**Firstly, you can start by adding your site to primary search engines like google, yahoo, msn etc. then you should add your site to directories and if you have a blog then you should also add your blog to blog directories. I will be writing a blog on which site's you should add your site as a follow up to this post.

** Now the other thing you must do is post your page link in highly active forums of usenet, google groups and other forums. It is to be noted that you simply cannot add your link to the forums or groups as they will allow the link to be added only if you post a relevant solution to the problem being discussed.

**** One important thing is:-

"if you have a page that ranks very high then you should link that page to other pages on your site/blog"

Note: You should also see my post on what things not to do if you want your site to be listed on search engines and want higher page rank. Here's the link .

If this post was informational and helpful then do post your comments.

Have you ever tried to add a normal html textarea to your blogger post or any other platform , well if you have and the text is multiline (in the sense that it is on two or more separate lines) you will see annoying html break tags. Here's an example below.

Jack and jill <br />went to the hill <br />blah blah blah


How to add the text in a simple and more formatted manner by removing these break tags?

Well the solution is to use html <pre> tag that is designed to output the text in exactly the format in which it was presented to it. You also have to set the overflow property to true so that it resembles the textarea.

Here's the code on how to do it :-

<pre style="border:2px solid;overflow:auto;font-wieght:bold;height:200px;width:300px">
------Your Text Goes Here-----
</pre>

Now the above example will look like the following if you use this:

jack and jill went to the hill
blah blah blah
blah blah blah

Also you can add the <blockquote> tag just after the pre tag and before the text/code, this makes the code/text more fancy and more readable.

Hope this would be helpful

I have already mentioned in my post windows xp tools a tool named C-cleaner for this sole purpose. But you can also delete a lot of junk files manually.

These are the places you should try to clear out and it is to be noted that not all the files can be deleted.

• Just open the run prompt (windows key+r) or start-> run prompt and type %temp% to delete the temporary folder contents. Select all the files(ctrl+a) and delete them (Shift+delete).


• Many people mention to delete the prefetch folder contents but i disagree because the prefetch files help launch your applications faster, in fact people change the registry prefetch settings to enable prefetch specifically for application, so do not delete the prefetch files. You may however want to delete its contents after 3-4 months because as you uninstall the applications it's prefetch file still remains.
  


• Use Windows xp's clean utility :- Open the run prompt and type cleanmgr. Use this to delete the temporary Internet files and you may also want to compress old files because it clears out your hard disk space by essentially compressing old files.


• Open your browser's and delete the history, cache and temporary files, but you may want to keep cache as pages load faster if you visit the same site frequently else you should definitely delete all of them as deleting them makes them run faster and clears out system space.

I would recommend to use the utility mentioned at the start of this post because it's a freeware and basically automates these clean up tasks for you and it also cleans up your windows registry.

This is a very old album and one of the greatest album by linkin park band. But i am adding here so that in case you haven't downloaded it yet or have downloaded it and lost your backup.
The album has great songs but few stand out like Numb, Somewhere I Belong, Faint and Session.

I have also added their hit song In the End to this download list. This song just relates to the life so much that makes it's lyrics the best.

Right click on any of the songs from the following list and choose open in new tab or new window  and you will be able to download it separately :

1. Foreward

2. Don't stay

3. Somewhere I Belong

4. Lying From You

5. Hit The Floor

6. Easier To Run

7. Faint

8. Figure.09

9.Breaking The Habit

10.From The Inside

11. Nobody's Listening

12. Session

13. Numb

14*. In the end

In this tutorial i will be explaining how to convert fat32 file system to NTFS.

Why convert from fat32 to NTFS ?

Ntfs provides extra features that fat32 file system does not provide. For example features like security,disk quotas or quota management,better reliability. Each of the mentioned features is explained below.

1. Security: Fat32 provides no security or to be specific no access management features but modern partition system's like ntfs provide access management features whereby you can control what right's a particular user has and to what file's. You can also set up user groups and file access rights in ntfs. The actual implementation of the aforementioned features is done by using access control lists or ACL's . The file rights are like ability to execute, read, delete or write.
   


2. Quota Management: Ntfs provides quota management whereby different users can be assigned hard disk quota. A user can only use the space provided in his quota beyond which he will be denied access to store data.


3. Better Reliability: Have you noticed that when there is improper shutdown of a Fat32 based file system it always has to run chkdsk at startup this is not the case with NTFS. Well Ntfs is more reliable because it uses transaction logging just like in major database systems which use checkpoints to recover from a failed transaction. Similarly NTFS uses these logs to recover from failures or errors.

Note: The NTFS system is not compatible with older file systems like windows 98 but if compatibility is not a issue then you should definitely switch to Ntfs platform. Also conversion back to Fat32 is not at all easy so it is recommended not to convert from fat32 in case you would want to go back to fat32 file system.

How To Convert ?

Now that you know the important features that distinguish Fat32 from Ntfs, you would definitely want to switch to Ntfs.

Windows xp provides an application known as Convert that can be used to convert fat32 to Ntfs file system.

Usage:

CONVERT volume /FS:NTFS [/V] [/NoSecurity] [/X]

volume :- This specifies the drive letter and it must be followed by a colon .


/FS:NTFS :- Specifies that the volume is to be converted to NTFS.

/V :- The conversion must run in verbose mode i.e the command must display the ongoing operations.

/NoSecurity :- Specifies the converted files and directories security settings to be accessible by everyone.

/X :- In case the volume is mounted this option forces the volume to dismount first.

For example :- In case you want to convert partition C to ntfs partitition you can do so by using the following command.

Convert C: /FS:NTFS /V /X

That's it and i do hope you would convert from fat32 to NTFS filesystem.

Are you annoyed of motion blur that occurs in Need For Speed Most Wanted when the car goes at higher speeds ?

Well if you are then there is a simple solution of removing this annoying feature.This motion blur feature reduces your visibility when driving the car at high speeds.

Just follow these steps to remove the motion blur :-

• Open Run prompt in windows (Windows Key+ r) .


• Type regedit and press enter.


• Then goto the following key "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\EA GAMES\Need for Speed Most Wanted" on the right side the window will contain a number of options that you can set that which can't be set in game.


• Select the key in g_MotionBlurEnable right click on it and set the value field to 0 and press ok. Use the figure shown below for help.
  
















• Reboot is not required but in case the motion blur is not turned off do reboot your computer.

Note: This tutorial can be used for turning of other features like particle system ,rain, etc.

What is tree utility?

The tree utility in windows xp provides a hierarchical display of files and directories under a current directory.

What's the use ?

Well one can argue that we can use the dir command with /s switch to print list of all the files and directories under the current directory, well obviously you can use it but the dir command does not provide a hierarchical display and hierarchical displays are easier to read or recognize hence one would definitely prefer the tree command over the dir command.

How to use it ?

The usage : TREE [drive:][path] [/F] [/A]

drive : Specifies the drive to examine.
path : it specifies the path to examine. It can be relative or absolute path.
/F: It displays the filenames in each directory as well as the directory names.
/A: It displays the output using standard ASCII characters, rather than extended ASCII characters that leads to a cool graphical appearance.

For example:

example 1 : Tree B:\java /F

It's Output:
















Example 2) Tree B:\java /F /A

What is Subst Utility ?

This is a rarely known command line utility that can make a folder to appear as a Drive in windows xp. The Subst utility performs a task that you can’t perform within the Windows GUI i.e it is only a command line utility.

What's the use ?

It is very useful in case you access a directory a lot that is very deep in hierarchy and you have to make your way through a lot of directories. In that case you can just use this utility to make a folder appear like a directory.

How to use it ?

First you would have to open the command prompt.

The syntax of using the command is very simple It is mentioned and explained below:

Usage: SUBST [drive1: [drive2:]path]
For deleting :SUBST drive1: /D

drive1 : The name you want to give to the drive which will be containing the directory.
drive2 : The drive in which the directory is currently stored.
path: The path to the directory.
/D: It deletes the virtual directory.

For example: Let's say you want to make C:\books appear as a separate drive in windows explorer with the drive letter as b for this you would type the following command :-

Subst b: C:\books















Note: Windows xp provides help for this command just type Subst /? for viewing help.

Do you want to display a custom welcome message or a warning message before you log into windows xp ? .If you want to then this can be accomplished in a very simple way.

Just follow these steps :-

• Open run program prompt (Windows key+r).


• Type regedit and then press enter.


• Go to the following regsitry key "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" .


• On the right window pane just find the key LegalNoticeCaption and then right click on it and choose modify and type the title of the window you want to display in the value data field.


• Now right click on the key LegalNoticeText(just below the legal notice caption key) and then type the text that you want the window to display at startup. The text could be a legal warning or you can type in a welcome message.


• After this exit the registry editor and reboot your pc. On reboot before you login you will see the window containing the message that you typed.

Prior to discussing server rates there is one thing of more importance , the thing is that when you play on amx_mod enabled servers you should reset your rates after playing on them because almost all of the servers have oaf admins that will unnecessarily mess up your client rates which will cause both lag and choke. I personally hate amx_mod for it causes lag by consuming resources and coupled with the admins messing up rates makes me frown.


How to set the rates (For dummies)?
Just press the ` character which opens up the console and then type the commands mentioned in the next sub section.


The following rates must be set for choke and loss free gameplay:

• cl_cmdrate : Ideally it should be set to the same rate as the fps you are getting. Fps in this case stands for (frames per second). you can always check the fps you are getting by typing the command net_graph 3 (you can use the value as 1 or 2 but 3 provides minimal display). So In case you are getting 60 fps type cl_cmdrate 60 and in case you are getting 100 fps type cl_cmdrate 101.The default value is cl_cmdrate 30.


• cl_updaterate : Just like the command rate it should be set to the fps you are getting.so for ex if you get 60 fps then type cl_updaterate 66 in console.


• r_decals : This consumes your resources and some versions of non steam cs come with the default value of 4096 trust me reduce this value to 300 and it will reduce your lag considerably. Type r_decals 300 in console.


• ** rate : It is the most important parameter this if set improperly will cause choke of 100 and loss of about 40. Set this to 25000 default value or 20000 anything below this value or greater than 25000 will cause choke and loss and hence lag. Type rate 25000 in console.


• ex_interp : ex_interp should be equal to 1/updaterate. So for example if you have cl_updaterate 101 then you should set ex_interp .01 . Type ex_interp 0.01 in console or any other value depending upon your cl_updaterate value. Note: if you have low ping then set ex_interp 0.1 (that will help in your shots being fired earlier than your opponent's).
  
  

This is a problem mostly caused by malwares, but it may also happen if windows cannot find the userinit.exe. But there is a high probability that the malware renames the file or changes a registry entry that makes windows log off before logon.

The Solution :

• Boot using the windows xp cd into the recovery console mode.


• Then all you have to do is copy the userinit file from windows cd to the Drivelabel:/windows/system32 . for example if you have xp installed on c: drive then type this command in recovery console copy \Windows\ServicePackFiles\i386\userinit.exe c:\Windows\System32 .


• Now you will be able to login into windows.


• The problem in most cases is due to malware and for rectifying that after you login into the system do a system scan by using malware bytes . It's a freeware that will remove trojans or malwares. for more information about the software see this post .
  

What is Path variable?

The path is the environment variable that lets you access executable's even if they aren’t in the current directory when working at the command prompt. It basically is like a import statement that tells windows where to find the appropriate command to be executed.

How to set the path variable ?

For a Single Session:-

you can set the path environment variable for a single session in this case as soon as you exit the command prompt the path that you add will be deleted.

Syntax for this : PATH [[drive:]path[;...][;%PATH%]

In this we add %path% so that the older path be appended or included in the new path.
; is used as a separator.

For example : path c:\temp;%path%

Permanently Setting up the Path:-

For this case follow these steps :-

• Right click the my computer icon and select properties.
• Then choose advanced tab and press the environment variables button (as shown in the figure).

• Now select the path variable and press edit and then append your path. For example: in case you have to append the path of java installation for that append C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_07; to your path variable.

That's it reopen the command prompt and the command will work.

what is a traceroute application?

To put it in laymen terms it basically traces the route to the host you specify.It will print the addresses of the routers that it encounters between your computer and the destination host. for example in windows if you want to trace the route to let's say www.citibank.com you can type tracert www.citibank.com .

What is the use of this command ?

The traceroute command is a very helpful command in various cases for example you may want to verify the origin address of a spam mail and the route to the origin of mail and determine whether the mail was sent from a valid address or a fake address. In all these cases traceroute application is handy.
Here i will not mention the harmful ways in which the command can be used for breaking into the systems .

How to use the command ?

The output, results and functioning of command remain same in both unix and windows but they have different syntax and options for invoking the application.

Syntax in windows:-

Usage: tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j host-list] [-w timeout] target_name

Options:
-d Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.
-h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target.
-j host-list Loose source route along host-list.
-w timeout Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.

here target_name is the name of the destination host.

For example: tracert -h 16 www.citibank.com


Syntax in unix based systems : traceroute <hostname|ip address>. Here the difference is in the syntax.To know more options about the command type man traceroute in the command line shell.

What to make of the output ?

Lets say you type traceroute www.citibank.com and the output is like the following:
(please enlarge view the image in a separate window/Tab).






















Here everything looks fine except the * * * * in the output. Now what this * in the output simply means is that the router you are accessing is behind a firewall and so you do not see the details of the hostname and ip addresse of that router . But we can always find an alternate path to the host or we can try and exploit the host just prior to the one being blocked by firewall.

That just provides you with sufficient information about how to use the command.

Do post your comments or share this article if you find it helpful.

Daemons are programs that continuously listen for other processes. Daemons loosely resemble terminate and stay resident (TSR) programs in the Microsoft platform.These programs remain alive at all times, constantly listening for a particular event. When that event finally occurs, the TSR or Daemon undertakes some action.

What is Inetd Daemon in unix ?

Inetd daemon is the main daemon that listens for all other networking related processes running on unix system.It listens for connection requests from the void and when it receives a request it starts the corresponding process.When it receives a request, it evaluates it. This evaluation seeks to determine one thing only: What service does the requesting machine want? For example, does it want Smtp? If so, inetd starts the SMTP server process.

The behavior of inetd is generally controlled from a file called inetd.conf, located in
the /etc directory in linux and unix platforms.The inetd.conf file is used to specify what
services will be called by inetd. Such services might include FTP, Telnet, SMTP, TFTP,
Finger, Systat, Netstat, or any other processes that you specify.

In this tutorial, i will be explaining about how to verify your blogger site in google.
I presume the most obvious question is :-

why you should verify your site ?

The reason is that verifying your site gets you many extra features like the

following:

You can view:

• Query stats about your site
• Crawl stats about your
  
  site
• Page analysis of your site
• URLs from your site we were unable to crawl, and why we couldn't crawl
  
  them

These are important for your analysis of what kind of visitors come to your site and through

what search keywords. One could argue that similar functionality is provided by the google analytics tool. But still it

does not provide you all the features.

How to verify your site?

There are a couple of ways for verifying blogger only for google but this technique is generic and can be used for other

search engines as well.

Verify by adding Meta tag:

Follow these steps :-

• Go to Google Webmaster
  
  tools.


• Then click on the verify link corresponding to the site you want to verify.


• Then select the Verification method as add meta tag and then copy the text from the field.


• Then open a new tab and Login to the blogger account and choose Layout option->Edit HTML.


• Then paste the code immediately after the head tag code as shown below (Tip :use ctrl-f to find the code).
  

 <head>
 <b:include data='blog' name='all-head-content'/>



• And then goto the webmaster tool window and press verify. Your site will be verified immediately.

Hope

this solves your problem. In case that you encounter error do post it .

This is a collection of premium wordpress themes. The themes are designed by woo themes and certain themes are not paid but are nice so i included them here.The list of themes is as follows :

Woo Themes:

• ambience-dev
• flashnews-dev
• freshfolio-dev
• freshnews-dev
• gazette-dev
• gothamnews-dev
• livewire-dev
• newspress-dev
• openair-dev
• overeasy-dev
• papercut-dev
• premiumnews-dev
• proudfolio-dev
• thick-dev
• vibrantcms-dev

Others:

• Aspire
  
• Gridlock
• Leia-En
• GothamNights

I personally prefer to use freshnews it has got just the right mix of colors. You would have to slightly modify the style sheets of themes before they can be applied to your wordpress blog/site.

Download themes from here.

What is dmoz?

It's the largest open directory project where you can add your site for free.It takes 2 months for them to accept your request and the inclusion is not guaranteed but still you would want to give it a try to increase visits to your site and to increase your site's visibility.

How to add to the dmoz directory ?

Just follow these steps:

• First visit dmoz.org
  


• Then select the appropriate category in which you want your blog to be listed. for example if you have a search engine optimization blog you would want to add it in "Computers/Internet/Searching/Search_Engines" category.


• Selecting the category is most important part as if you pick a wrong category then your site will not be included in the dmoz directory.


• After finalizing the category, type this url in your browser "http://www.dmoz.org/cgi-bin/add.cgi?where=your complete category". Here replace "your complete category" with the category that you want to add your site to. For example lets say that you picked "Computers/Internet/Searching/Search_Engines" category then type "http://www.dmoz.org/cgi-bin/add.cgi?where=Computers/Internet/Searching/Search_Engines" in your browser navigation bar.


• After the last step you will be displayed a form. Just fill in the details and submit your site for inclusion in the dmoz directory.

If this post was helpful then do post your comments.

In case you have a problem in mounting the usb drive in linux and you have tried the conventional mount command and checked the HAL daemon(red hat) but to no avail then it is most likely that 2 drivers for the same device are installed and are interfering with each other.

You can always check that what drivers are loaded by using the dmesg command. It is likely that 2 drivers namely uhci_hcd and ehci_hcd both are installed and if that is the case then to get rid of the problem simply remove any one of the modules and usb will mount properly.


Type this command for removing the module uhci_hcd:

modprobe -r uhci_hcd (-r option for removing a module)
for more of the commands option and info type man modprobe.

after typing this command connect your usb drive and it will be mounted without hassles.

Do post your comments in case the post solved your problem.

In case you want to know what files are under the directory without having to type dir command again and again, you can use this fix.

Just follow these steps:

1.Creating the simple batch file :

a) Open a plain text editor like notepad and type the following depending upon whether you want to 1)print the contents or just 2) view them .

1) For Printing the contents of directory:

Just copy and paste the following code :

dir /A:- /O:gn "%1" >c:\directory_file_list.txt
notepad /p c:/directory_file_list.txt

and the explanation of commands is as follows:

dir :provides information about files and directories under the current directory.
/A:- :Tells dir to print all the files and directories under the current directory
/O:gn :Tells dir to sort the results according to the directories and according to the names.
/p : It tells notepad command to print the file.
> : It is a redirection switch which redirects output of dir command to the text file.
"%1": It is the parameter that you provide when you select the directory.

2) To Just View the list:

copy and paste the following code:

dir /A:- /O:gn "%1" >c:\directory_file_list.txt
notepad c:/directory_file_list.txt

Notice here there is no /p (print switch) parameter along with call to notepad.


b) then save this file as "directorylist.bat" In the "C:\" Directory.


2) Adding the command to shell :

a) Open MyComputer and then goto tools menu and select folder options
b) Then Select Filetypes tab and then choose (None) " Folder " option as shown in the following figure.



























c) Then Choose advanced option at the bottom . After that choose new option from the Edit File type window.

d)Type FileList under the Action label and "C:\directorylist.bat" under the application used to perform action .


3) Press ok and apply and that should do it, in case you have problems in opening folders refer to this post .

This is a quick fix in case you have messed up Windows xp's "open folder" behavior and you have to manually right click and choose open option.

Just follow these steps:

• Open regedit
• Open the registry hive :"HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell"
• Remove any extra keys that you may have added through the folder option->File type->advanced option menu, which may include the case in which you may have made a command as default open with command . For example in case you have made find command as default remove both the command key and entry.
• This reverts windows folder's to their default behavior of opening.

The slow but better way of doing it:

• Just do system restore to a previous date and it will automatically revert to its previous behavior.
  

Here's a quick fix to disable the recent documents menu from windows xp.

Just follow these steps :-

1. Remove caching of recently opened documents in recent documents folder.
   

• Open run prompt (winkey+r)
• Type gpedit.msc (The group policy editor) .
  
• Then expand user configuration and select administrative templates.
• After that select "start-menu and taskbar"
  
• The window on the right provides various options that you can enable/disable. In this case scroll down to find "Do not keep history of recently opened documents" and then right click on it and enable it.

2. Removing the icon from start menu

• Right click on start menu and then select properties.
• Now select start menu tab and choose customize.
• Then click on advanced tab and un-check "List my recently opened documents" at the bottom, then click ok and apply and then ok so as to apply these settings.

That's it now the recent documents icon will not appear on start menu and there will be no caching of recent documents in the recent documents folder.

This is the music collection of best songs from "lord of the rings-fellowship of the ring" and "lord of the rings-The return of the king".

The following is the list of songs are included in the rar file :-

1. The Steward Of Gondor - Billy Boyd (LOTR-3)

2. The Grey Heavens (LOTR-3)

3. The Return Of The King (LOTR-3)

4. Into The West - Annie Lennox (LOTR-3)

5. Twilight and Shadow - Renee Fleming (LOTR-3)

6. The Ride of the Rohirrim (LOTR-3)

and the last couple of songs featuring one and only enya's majestic voice.

7. The Council of Elrond Featuring Aníron (Theme for Aragorn and Arwen) (LOTR-1)

8. May It Be

Download from here and enjoy :)

These commands are generally used in .bat i.e batch files but you can use them to navigate your way through windows directories.

What are these commands?
These commands are just like the commands in a normal stack. Pop pops an item of the stack, in this case this command is POPD(read Pop Directory) pops to the directory you saved earlier using pushd command.
Pushd is used to store a directory that you want to later pop back to .

Why use them?

We use them because it saves a lot of typing that is typing the entire directory path and using cd command every time.

How to use them?

Pushd: Use pushd [path] .You can use pushd several times to push different directories onto netsh stack.You can also view the stack[netsh stack] contents by just simply using pushd command.
Popd: just use Popd it takes no parameters.

For example
if you were working on the the directory "C:\temp"
use "Pushd .." for storing the current directory.
then you can go on and work on other directory lets say c:\windows
after that you can directly return to directory C:\temp by typing
POPD or Popd these commands are case insensitive

Sample Output:














For adding a network share use the following command

pushd \hostname\share_name

This command will create a temporary drive letter that points to the network share and then as usual command prompt will change and point to that share.

Rating (4.5/5)

Genre: pop

This is the original version of the Breakaway album. Kelly clarkson has an amazing voice and believe me if you listen to her album now you will thank me later also this was her first album and was a huge hit . Songs like "Breakaway","You found me","Beautiful disaster" are amazing and others are really worth listening to.

















The album can be purchased from here.
The torrent can be downloaded from here.

Tip: If there are no seeds left mention it in comments and i will then post an alternate link.

Rating (4/5)

This is the deluxe edition of already a smashing hit by the skillet band. The album has lively voice of john's wife Korey in the song "The Last Night".
The deluxe version of the album has both acoustic and real version of the songs.
In the album almost all the songs are worth listening to (they are all great).But songs like "Better than drugs","Whispers in the Dark","The last night" (according to me) stand out from the rest .

The Deluxe Version can be purchased from here .
The Deluxe Version can be downloaded from here.

















Tip: If the above link of torrent goes dead(i.e no seeds are left) comment and then i will post the alternate link.

If as a windows xp user you have large amount of main memory (>2 gb (>1gb works but may cause low memory errors) ) i.e RAM(Random Access Memory) then you can make your xp run faster by simply disabling paging file system or swap space.

What's The Reason ?

Disabling paging file increases performance because paging file/swap space is a area reserved on your hardisk for swapping program modules in/out and as it's a well known fact that hard disk speed is much lower as compared to the ram, It leads to slower read/write operation and slows your windows xp operation.

How to do that ?

Just follow these steps:

1) Right click My Computer icon and then choose properties.

2) Once the properties window appears choose advanced tab and then Settings button under performance.

3) Once in performance window choose advanced tab from it and then choose change button under the virtual memory section

4) This loads the virtual memory settings window and then choose "no paging file" option from it then click on set and after that press ok 3 times and reboot. After the next reboot the paging file will be disabled hence your pc will run faster and completely on RAM.

Do post comments or queries if any.

In this tutorial i explain how to create the zombie mod server in counter strike 1.6.

Prerequisites:

It absolutely requires the following mods:

1.cstrike or czero mods

2. Hlds server

3.amx modx: It can be downloaded here. After you download it install it the amx mod site has good tutorial on how to install it.


The Zombie plague mod 4.2:


























Download the zombie mod files from following places:

1.The main or core plugin can be downloaded from here. The installation is easy and does not require you to add any line of code, just extract the files into the respective folder.

2.The resources files: These files contain extra features like sounds,models etc . Download the file from here and extract into the specified folders and then restart your hlds server and you are done.Now play and kill those zombies :) .

do comment if the post was helpfull.

This is a great album by apocalyptica it is mostly instrumental but a couple of songs are vocal and extraordinary, especially "I don't care". For those of you who do not what apocalyptica is, well it is a band, an all strings band with consummate skills that they posses every album is worth listening to.
Download the album from www.isohunt.com or buy genuine if you can spare the money.

To use these themes all you need to do is download and install uxtheme multi-patcher. It can be downloaded here. The installer is automated so just follow the instructions it tells you to.

After the install just extract the theme files and double click on visual style files to change your theme. It does not use windows blind or other copyrighted software, It simply uses visual style files.


The Theme files can be downloaded here .

This Windows utility is used to repair the system databases in windows. Windows xp stores the databases with .sdb extension.
Databases like SecEdit.sdb (it keeps track of security settings),SysMain.sdb etc can be accessed by using this command line utility.

---

Modes of Operation

Defragmentation
ESENTUTL /d[options]

Recovery
ESENTUTL /r [options]

Integrity
ESENTUTL /g [options]

Repair
ESENTUTL /p [options]

Checksum
ESENTUTL /k [options]

File Dump
ESENTUTL /m[mode-modifier]

Copy
ESENTUTL /y [options]

Use this utility with caution it can corrupt the databases and then you may have to reinstall windows xp.

---

Explanation of Modes and Options :

1. Defragmentation mode :Defragmentation removes excess space from the database and can improve system performance by clustering the database together it is imperative that you backup the database before defragmenting the database file.

Options :
/p Preserves the temporary database. Generally, ESEnTUtl deletes the temporary database
once all of the changes are incorporated into the main database.

/b Creates a backup copy of the database prior to defragmentation
using the specified filename. It’s always a good idea to use this option so that you have another
copy of the database should the defragmentation fail.

For ex :
The Secedit.sdb file located in the C:\WINDOWS\security\Database folder can be derfagmented with backup file name abc.sdb as

esentutl /d secedit.sdb /b abc.sdb

The output should be like the following image:













2.Recovery mode:Recovery helps you overcome database errors. ESEnTUtl rebuilds the database using log entries hence log files must be there for recovery.

Options:

/l Defines the location of the log files used to recover the data. The default setting is
the current directory. Normally, you don’t need to change this setting because the log files
usually appear in the same directory as the database

/d[path] Defines the location of database files.

3. Integrity mode: Integrity checking verifies that the database is in an operational state and doesn’t contain any structural errors.

4. Repair mode: This mode changes the database by removing damaged entries and may also delete your security settings so backup before you use this mode.

5. Checksum mode : Checksum mode verifies that the file doesn’t contain any bit level errors. The checksum acts as a means of verifying the data itself is error free. Use both integrity and checksum check.

6. File Dump mode : This is the most important mode if you want to view information in the database files it has a options and a number of modifiers that are used with the \m they are explained below:

Options:

/t Performs a database dump for a specified table only

/v Provide verbose output.

Modifiers:
They help in determining the kind of data displayed in output like printing header information,viewing a checkpoint file ,log file etc.

they are used as /m[modifier]

H This is the default modifier. It obtains the database header information.
For example esentutl /mh Secedit.db .

k A checkpoint file uses the CHK file extension. This file contains a checkpoint in the database
transactions. A checkpoint is necessary for rolling back database to previous safe state.

l A log file uses the LOG file extension and normally appears in the same folder as a CHK or
SDB file

m It displays the Metadata that tells you about the content of a database like tables,columns etc.

7.Copy mode :Copying lets you create another copy of a log file, streaming file, or database in a secondary location.The default utility settings copy the data from a source location to the current location.

Use /d option followed by directory name to where you want to copy.

That's it, this tutorial is meant for advanced windows xp users.

The man or manual page in linux is used for providing the documentation of the commands in linux There are 8 sections into which man pages are divided. They are as Listed below:

Section	Description
1	User commands
2	System calls
3	Library functions
4	Special files
5	File formats
6	Games
7	Conventions and miscellany
8	Administration and privileged commands

---

But sometimes you don't know which command to execute and for that kind of situation you can use the following commands:

1.apropos "keyword": This command prints the command names matching the keyword you specify and you can then open man page and read about the command and hence can easily know which command to execute without knowing the exact command name.

For ex: apropos print

2. man -k "keyword": This command produces the list of all the pages that match the keyword specified. Prefer apropos it's name makes much more sense and perhaps that is why it was designed .

---

To Print a man page use the following command

• man -t sudo | lpr : what this command does is it prints the man page for sudo because here a pipe is used to redirect the output of man page to the printer using lpr command.

---

To convert a man page to pdf document use the following command

• man -t sudo | ps2pdf -sudo_man_page.pdf : Here the ps2pdf command converts the output of man page of sudo command to pdf version.
  

---

Awp is the most powerful weapon in Counter Strike 1.6 and a good sniper can wreak havoc for the opposite team that being said it is also very difficult to use and ofcourse you need to be good at secondary weapon like deagle. In the following tutorial i will be explaining about certain commands that will help you while using it followed then by a video made by an experienced awp player 1 nkz.

The commands:

1. zoom_sensitivity_ratio: Its the sensitivity of the awp when scope of awp is opened.The default value is 1.0 and mostly cs versions now have 1.2 as default but players with high sensitivity of mouse should lower this value to .77 or lower depending upon how high their mouse sensitivity is. Now this helps in good registry of shots for players that have higher mouse sensitivity . If you feel that you have messed it all up you can always revert it to default using the revert command i.e revert zoom_sensitivity_ratio .

2. hud_centerid : When set to 1, what this command does is that it displays the player name by your crosshair and hence you can react faster and shoot even unzoomed, sometimes without even seeing his body default value is 0 which is not recommended because it slows your reaction time. So use hud_centerid 1 .

The Video:

This video shows awp techniques especially very important awp technique that is quick scoping, practice it hard its very effective in long range and lethal in short range. The map is nice and name of the map is aim_sk_awp there are other variants of the map for other weapons download them and practice on them they will certainly improve your aim.

Here is a list of certain important windows xp Softwares

• C cleaner : It's a freeware software that deletes your browser history,internet cache , recent program used, problematic registry entries and entries that remain in your registry on uninstall , and also provides an uninstaller. Hence it makes your windows xp run faster. you can download it here .

• Express burn : Tired of using nero, it's heavy setup and programs that it runs on startup well i was, so i preferred express burn providing all the essential features of dvd and cd burning that nero provides but what's the size of setup "391 kb" , yeah right ! and nero is around 700 mb so what would you prefer ?. Unfortunately it's not a freeware but so isn't nero so go download it from www.isohunt.com you can find there cracked version of it :) .

• AntiMalware (MalwareBytes): It has 2 versions one freeware that will remove spywares from your computer and the other one is paid, this version also provides realtime protection and other features. Download the freeware version from here or go to www.isohunt.com and search for it there .

• Antivirus (Bitdefender 2009): It is not a freeware so again visit isohunt.com and download the torrent provided by master uploader he is genuine uploader. The antivirus has just one problem though no exit button, so you cannot exit it.

• Hijack this: It scans the registry entries that have been added by genuine softwares and the malwares. So before choosing fix, choose analyse it so you don't cause other softwares to function improperly. Download here

• Double Driver: It fixes errors that you recieve if more than one driver is installed for the same device, it also provides option to backup and restore old drivers. It is very usefull utility. Download here .

• Uninstaller (Revo uninstaller): It is an advanced uninstaller that is freeware it provides 4 options during uninstall that vary on how completely you want to remove that software. It is a well known fact that certain softwares that come as trialware, install registry entry in the windows registry that disable them on expiration of the trial period. In this case you can use this software in advanced mode to completely remove the traces of software so you would be able to install the trial version software again. It also makes your windows registry size smaller by removing entries left when you uninstall in conventional way.Download here
  

• Registry Repair tools (Reg Cure): It repairs all the registry issues that a windows based pc might face it is salutory in keeping windows based pc working fine . It is a paid software but you can always find the cracked version at http://www.isohunt.com .

This is a small and simple tutorial that will explain how to create a image gallery for your site.

The code is below and explanation then follows:

<html>
<head>
<title> An image gallery </title>
<style type="text/css">
body{
font-weight:bold;
margin-left:10%;
margin-right:10%;
margin-bottom:10%;
font-family:sans-serif;
border:10px solid black;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<?php
$i=0;
//replace with your own directory here
$dir="images/";
$dh=opendir($dir);
while($filename=readdir($dh))
{
$filepath_c=$dir.$filename;
if(is_file($filepath_c) and preg_match("#\.jpg$#",$filename))
{
$gallery[$i]=$filepath_c;
$i=$i+1;

}
}

sort($gallery);
foreach($gallery as $image)
{
$name=basename($image);
echo "<br/> <br/>" ;
echo "<hr />";
echo "<a href='$image'> image $name  <br/>";
echo "  <img src='$image'  align='middle' alt='image $image' width=200 hieght=200 /> </a>";
echo "<br/>";
}

?>

</body>
</html>

Explanation:

The code is quite simple in the start a simple style tag, defines how the web page must be displayed and after that the main logic lies in the php code . We initialize a variable i for loop execution although it is not required but makes code more clearer.

We then define the directory under which files are stored replace the directory name /images.
with your own directory
Then we open a directory handle and read all the files under it by using readdir( ) function
we check whether its a file or not and use preg_match() for pattern matching

note: preg_match is a regular expression matcher in php, it requires a regular expression pattern and a string to match with.
In this case that string happens to be the entire filepath and the pattern is delimited by # and "#\.jpg$" signifies that only take files ending with .jpg extension you can remove this if you have no other file in your images directory

finally we sort the array obtained and then in foreach loop keep on adding image tags with the filename. Thats it a simple image gallery using php.

Do comment if post was helpfull.

To create a clan configuration file that is a file executed at start of the clan match is very simple and straightforward, you just have to use the wait command that is like a null command that delays the execution by a specific amount of time, also you need to create an alias for the wait command to avoid repeating it.

Assigning alias: alias means assigning a new name to a command we use alias to make less repetitions while writing the clan configuration.

Sample Script :

//here we have used wait command 10 times and assigned an alias w10
alias w10 "wait;wait;wait;wait;wait;wait;wait;wait;wait;wait"
//now you can use w10 several times and write your own text              
w10
w10
w10
w10
say -----
w10
w10
w10
w10
say -------------
w10
w10
w10
w10
say -----
w10
w10
w10
w10
say --------Welcome To This server-----------
w10
w10
w10
w10
say ----------Live after 3 restarts------------
w10
w10
w10
w10
sv_restartround 1
w10
w10
w10
w10
sv_restartround 1
w10
w10
w10
w10
sv_restartround 1
w10
w10
w10
w10
say  >>>>>>>>>live>>>>>>>>>
w10
w10
w10
w10
say  >>>>>>>>>live>>>>>>>>>>
w10
w10
w10
w10
say  >>>>>>>>>live>>>>>>>>>>
w10
w10
w10
w10
say enjoy :-)

Did you accidentally change the wordpress site and home url and now cannot access the site.

Well there are a number of scripts that can reset those options and are openly available, but i will be discussing how to directly reset those option in the mysql database and also by this method you can change any wordpress option easily and fastly.

Following are the steps to reset the siteurl and home :

1. Login to mysql wordpress database(i.e the database that you made for wordpress) using your user name and password.

2.Then type the following command to view the siteurl and home page that you setup incorrectly:
SELECT *FROM wp_options where option_name='siteurl' or option_name='home';

3. Having seen what you have entered incorrectly type the following command ( i am assuming your site and home url to be abc.com replace with your own sitename and home page url).

a) //this resets the home url to abc.com
update wp_options set option_value='http://abc.com' where option_name='home'

b) //this resets siteurl to abc.com
update wp_options set option_value='http://abc.com' where option_name='siteurl'

4.This resets the site url and home page url you can view the changes by executing the command aforementioned in the second step.

Note: This process can me made even more naive if you have mysql query browser which is a Gui based utility where by you can directly edit the options without executing a single command (it will do so on its own).

The task manager is good utility to view and end processes in windows xp but where it fails is in enumeration and displaying information about the running system processes like svchost and the services which are running under that.
But windows provides a good command line utility for exploring processes and the sub processes running under it, this utility is called tasklist.

For example: tasklist /SVC will display the services running under a process which it normally won't do.

Note:To get more info about any windows command type command name, give a space append it with /? for example if you want to view the help for directory command type dir /? it will display what we call man page in linux based systems.

Also a good utility to have when you are not sure what processes are running (maybe trojans,viruses) is Process Explorer which displays information about each process, The dlls (dynamic link libraries) that it uses for running, memory image path, etc. This can be downloaded from here

Error: you do not have administrator privileges (on an admin account)

Solution:

General User Rating (4.5/5)

Who should watch ?

The show is meant for general public but if you think you are a consummate thinker then for you its a must watch.The nimble witted "Michael Scofield" (WentWorth Miller),protagonist of the show has such ideas or plans which are hard to envision and keep you guessing till the time they come into play and when they do there is just one word for them "Awesome !!!". This show does guarantee that you will say the aforementioned word "Awesome!!!" after you watch it.

The Plot:

Due to a conspiracy an innocent man is sent to death row and his only hope is his brother who makes it his mission to deliberately get himself sent to the same prison in order to break the both of them out from the inside out.But it is just not easy to get out of the maximum security penetentiory thats what keeps you guessing what's gonna happen next.

Genre(Drams/Sci-Fi)

General User Rating (8.4/10)

What it is about ?

It's about the life of ordinary people who one day wake up with incredible super-powers,Its a story about their life, of fight between the good and the evil(that obviously permeates through with those abilities), of the want to be special and for the others of leading a normal life.

What it's not ?

It's not like another x-men or superman flick because the focus is not only on their abilities but is mainly centered around how those people with abilities go about their life in a normal way.

Conclusion

The plot,cast and direction is good and so it's a good show to watch.

The following commands are very usefull for updating ubuntu packages, installing new packages, removing packages etc when Gnome package manager gets buggy.

Just open the terminal and try the following.

1. For updating ubuntu: sudo apt-get update (no need for typing sudo if you are super user)

2. For installing a new package: sudo apt-get install package_name (here it allows wildcards like *) this searches the ubuntu repository for the package name and if present installs the package.

3. For removing the package: sudo apt-get remove package_name. It removes the package from the directory that is dedicated for storing packages in ubuntu.

This can be done in two ways manually or by using the registry key.

1. Manually: In this follow these steps:
a) Go to the windows xp run prompt (winkey + r).
b) Type regedit.
c) Expand the key [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell].
d) Right click and choose new key and then enter command_prompt_here as its name.
e) Right click the command_prompt_here key and choose new key and enter command
as its name.
f) Right click the command key and choose new string value.
g) Type cmd.exe /k \"cd %1\"" and exit you should now have a menu containing it.

2. By using the registry key.
a) Download this key or alternate link and extract and double click on it, It will then be
inserted automatically into the the winxp registry.

It's a uber cool open source music player with itune like features developed by Mozilla but what makes it real cool is it has integrated web browser like mozilla firefox so you can surf while listening to the music and especially for those people with small size of ram memory and slower cpu's which leads to frequent interrupts in music when you open both your browser and the music player, Its a must have.

Besides this it also provides cool addons that normal music player do not provide like:

1. Media Flow : It provides an easy to navigate media view by which one can just slide through the album art and

2. Lyrics Master: It provides the lyrics of the soundtrack the user is cuurently listening to with options to save it.

3. Album Art Manager: This addon supplies the missing artwork of the album.

It also has the following integrated features.

1. Shout Cast Radio: This provides streaming of live music streams.

2. Concert Tickets: By this one can view upcoming concerts for the artists in your library

3. Mash Tape: By this one can Discover Flickr photos, YouTube videos, last.fm biographies, Google news of the currently playing artist.

Visit songbird home for more info.

Following is the snapshot of the player :

USB Errors

->>> does your usb hang your pc on boot.
the problems are of two types:
1.software problems (win xp,bios)
2.hardware problems.

1.Software problems
a) XP drivers problem :- in such a case go to my computer right click
and select properties -> hardware ->device manager, expand the usb
controllers option and uninstall each of them by right clicking and
selecting uninstall and then select scan for hardware changes and
the usb device may start working,if this does not work update your
drivers form the site of your motherboard manufacturer.
b) BIOS problem :- On boot menu press f12 or del depending upon ur bios,
and disable the "usb legacy support " press f10 to save and exit.
reboot and your device will work.If it does not then change the
interrupt assignment from "auto Escd" to "manual" then press
f10 and then reboot ( what this does is it reassigns interrupt
numbers to the ports in case your bios is having problem in assigning
interrupt numbers)
This should fix your problem.

2. Hardware problems :- Refer to your mother board manual and change
the usb jumpers (refer to usb device wakeup section of the manual)
to +5v and check all the connections of usb check whether
wire connection is proper (refer to connectors-> usb header)
and connection to the ground pin is proper.

Enjoy :) hope this helps.